What is a heart attack?

Heart attack is the death of a segment of heart muscle caused by the loss of blood supply.

The blood supply is usually lost because a coronary artery, one that supplies blood to the heart muscle, is blocked by a blood clot (coronary thrombosis). If some of the heart muscle dies, the patient experiences chest pain and electrical instability of the heart muscle tissue.

Heart Attack Symptoms

Symptoms of a heart attack include:

·  Discomfort, pressure, heaviness, or pain in the chest, arm, or below the breastbone

·  Discomfort radiating to the back, jaw, throat, or arm

·  Fullness, indigestion, or choking feeling (may feel like heartburn)

·  Sweating, nausea, vomiting, or dizziness

·  Extreme weakness, anxiety, or shortness of breath

·  Rapid or irregular heartbeats

What Do I Do if I Have a Heart Attack?

After a heart attack, quick treatment to open the blocked artery is essential to lessen the amount of damage. At the first signs of a heart attack, call for emergency treatment . The best time to treat a heart attack is within one to two hours of the first onset of symptoms. Waiting longer increases the damage to your heart and reduces your chance of survival.

Keep in mind that chest discomfort can be described in many ways. It can occur in the chest or in the arms, back, or jaw. If you have symptoms, take notice. These are your heart disease warning signs. Seek medical care immediately.

The following are possible factors associated with increased risk of heart attack.

·  Age: Risk increases when a man is over 45, and a woman is over 55.

·  Angina: An illness where not enough oxygen reaches the heart, causing chest pain resembling a heart attack, but it resolves after taking medication. Angina raises the risk of a heart attack. 

·  High blood cholesterol levels: Increases the risk of developing blood clots in the arteries.

·  Diabetes: People with diabetes have a higher risk of developing several diseases and conditions, many of them contribute to a higher risk of heart attack.

·  Diet: Someone who consumes large quantities of, for example, saturated fats, will eventually have a higher risk of having a heart attack.

·  Genes: You can inherit a higher risk of heart attack.

·  Heart surgery: Patients who have had heart surgery have a higher risk.

·  Hypertension (high blood pressure).

·  Obesity, overweight.

·  Physical inactivity: More active people have a lower risk.

·  Previous heart attack: Anybody who has already had a heart attack is more likely to have another one, compared with people who have not.

·  Smoking.

·  HIV: People who are HIV positive have a 50 percent higher risk of heart attack.

·  Work stress: Individuals with stressful jobs, or shift workers have an increased risk of heart attack.

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